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Managing Side Effects From Leukemia and Lymphoma Treatment

By , About.com Guide

Updated February 21, 2011

About.com Health's Disease and Condition content is reviewed by the Medical Review Board

Side effects from the treatment of leukemia and lymphoma can range from mildly irritating to distressing. Many patients feel that side effects are a necessary evil, and all part of the cancer experience. While some side effects are inevitable, many can be managed with some simple interventions.

1. Chemotherapy Induced Nausea and Vomiting- CINV

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Chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is a major problem for many people who undergo chemotherapy for their leukemia or lymphoma. In fact, patients often think the two automatically go hand in hand- if you are getting chemo, you are going to spend the whole time throwing up.

While a large number of drugs used to treat blood cancers do cause nausea and vomiting, science has come a long way in the last decade in developing new medications that prevent CINV.

2. Difficulty Swallowing During Radiation Therapy

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Radiation therapy to the head and throat areas can lead to difficulty swallowing, or dysphagia. Swallowing solid foods or even liquids can be difficult and painful.

3. Hair Loss During Chemotherapy

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Hair loss or alopecia from chemotherapy treatment can cause an extreme amount of distress in men and women that experience it. Alopecia usually begins a couple of weeks after the first round of chemotherapy, and can affect any hair on your body- including eyebrows and lashes. It is surprising the difference it makes when you do not have hair to frame your facial features!

The good news- your hair will almost always grow back when treatment is complete.

4. Mouth Sores (Mucositis)

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Chemotherapy and radiation therapy for leukemia and lymphoma can lead to very painful mouth sores called oral mucositis. In addition to making it difficult to eat or swallow, mouth sores can lead to infections, especially if your immune system is weak.

The best medicine for mucositis is an ounce of prevention, starting even before your treatment does.

5. "Chemobrain"

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The expression "chemobrain" is used to describe thinking and memory difficulties following chemotherapy treatments. More and more, research is confirming what cancer patients have been telling us for years- this side effect does exist, it is not all in your head...

6. Loss of Appetite

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Between the nausea and mouth sores, you may not feel much like eating during your cancer treatment. However, this is the time when you need healthy nutrition the most.

7. Bowel Troubles

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There are many reasons why you may experience diarrhea during your treatment. It could be caused by the chemotherapy or radiotherapy irritating the walls of your bowels, the antibiotics your doctor has prescribed for you, or the stress of living with a cancer diagnosis. Whatever the cause, there are a few things you can do to keep bowel distress at bay.

While some people may get diarrhea from their treatment, others get constipation. This could be related to lack of intake, decreased excercise, or the chemotherapy drugs you are receiving

8. Effects of Treatment on Your Skin

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Treatment for leukemia, lymphoma, or myeloma can have a number of side effects on the skin which are not only irritating but can also lead to infections.

9. Effects on Your Sex Life

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Many patients are surprised at the effect that cancers like leukemia, lymphoma, or myeloma would have on their sex life. Undergoing chemotherapy, radiation, or stem cell transplant for a blood cancer can be just as devastating as surgery.

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